Penggunaan Model Problem Based Learning (PBL) Terhadap Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik: A Systematic Literature Review
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Abstract
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Systematic Literature Review (SLR) untuk mengkaji tren penelitian, karakteristik studi, pelaksanaan, serta hasil penggunaan Problem-Based Learning (PBL) ditinjau dari hasil belajar. Dengan menggunakan standar PRISMA 2020, pencarian literatur dilakukan pada basis data Scopus untuk publikasi yang diterbitkan antara tahun 2021 dan 2025. Metode seleksi menghasilkan 19 publikasi yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan dianalisis secara kualitatif, serta didukung oleh analisis bibliometrik menggunakan VOSviewer. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa penelitian PBL terutama dilakukan di tingkat pendidikan tinggi, khususnya dalam bidang ilmu kesehatan.. Implementasi PBL umumnya dilakukan melalui pembelajaran pemecahan masalah, diskusi kelompok, dan studi kasus. Sebagian besar penelitian melaporkan peningkatan hasil belajar, khususnya aspek kognitif, serta kemampuan berpikir kritis. Analisis bibliometrik menunjukkan keterkaitan kuat antara kata kunci problem-based learning, learning outcomes, dan critical thinking. Menurut penelitian ini, PBL dapat membantu meningkatkan hasil pembelajaran di berbagai lingkungan pendidikan.
Trough a Systematic Literature Review (SLR), this study sought to examine research trends, study features, the application of Problem Based Learning (PBL), and its effect on students’ learning outcomes. In accordance with PRISMA 2020 requirements, a literature search was carried out in the Scopus database for publications published between 2021 and 2025. 19 articles in all satisfied the inclusion criteria and underwent qualitative examination, bolstered by bibliometric analysis with VOSviewer. The result show that PBL research is mostly carried out in higher education, especially in the health sector. PBL is frequently applied through case-based learning, group discussions, and problem-solving exercises. The majority of research revealed gains in critical thinking abilities and cognitive learning outcomes. Strong correlations between problem-based learning, learning outcomes, and critical thinking were also show by bibliometric analysis. The result imply that PBL may help students learn in variety of educational settings.
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